古今平仄新論

新葉

古今平仄新論

     羅志海 / 文

一、古音平仄

      現(xiàn)代閩南話是古代唐朝話的子方言。現(xiàn)代潮汕話和現(xiàn)代海陸豐話是現(xiàn)代閩南話的子方言、是古代唐朝話的孫方言。這些子孫方言，它們的陰平調(diào)調(diào)值是33調(diào)值（有些方言異讀為44調(diào)值），發(fā)音特點(diǎn)是，起點(diǎn)3，落點(diǎn)也是3。陽平調(diào)調(diào)值是55調(diào)值，發(fā)音特點(diǎn)是，起點(diǎn)5，落點(diǎn)也是5。平調(diào)讀音平緩。由此可見，古代唐朝話陰平調(diào)調(diào)值是33調(diào)值，陽平調(diào)調(diào)值是55調(diào)值，這是毋庸置疑的。

      這些子孫方言的仄調(diào)呢？它們的仄調(diào)有的是降調(diào)，如51調(diào)，發(fā)音特點(diǎn)是，起點(diǎn)5，落點(diǎn)是1；有的是升調(diào)，如35調(diào)，發(fā)音特點(diǎn)是，起點(diǎn)3，落點(diǎn)是5；有的或是降升調(diào)，如212調(diào)，發(fā)音特點(diǎn)是，先由2降至1，然后再升上2。仄調(diào)讀音不平緩。溯源后，古代唐朝話仄調(diào)應(yīng)有相同的特點(diǎn)，這是不會(huì)錯(cuò)的。

      這些子孫方言的入調(diào)呢？它們的調(diào)值一般為2.和5.，有起點(diǎn)，沒有落點(diǎn)。讀音促狹逼仄。同樣地，古代唐朝話入調(diào)應(yīng)有相同的特點(diǎn)，這是不會(huì)錯(cuò)的。韻書字典通常把入調(diào)列為仄聲調(diào)。

二、今音平仄

      古代唐朝話有陰平、陽平、陰上、陽上、陰去、陽去、陰入、陽入八個(gè)調(diào)類�，F(xiàn)代普通話有陰平、陽平、上聲、去聲四個(gè)調(diào)類。

      表面看起來，現(xiàn)代普通話陰平陽平是平調(diào)，上聲去聲是仄調(diào)。實(shí)質(zhì)上并不是�，F(xiàn)代普通話陰平55調(diào)值，是真正的平調(diào)。而陽平調(diào)呢？陽平調(diào)調(diào)值是35調(diào)。很明顯，陽平調(diào)是仄調(diào)而不是平調(diào)。陽平調(diào)是名存實(shí)亡的平調(diào)。

三、結(jié)論

      綜上所述，古音平仄是真正的平仄，名符其實(shí)。今音平仄不是真正的平仄，名存實(shí)亡。

      看了這篇帖文后，親愛的文人騷客們，你們做何感想？你們的平仄理論會(huì)不會(huì)有所觸動(dòng)修改？

A New Theory Of Ancient And Modern Level And Oblique Tones

                               by Luo Zhihai

1、 Ancient level and oblique tones

      Modern Minnan dialect is a son-dialectof ancient Tang Dynasty dialect. Modern Chaoshan dialect and modern Hailufengdialect are the son-dialects of modern Minnan dialect and the grandson-dialectsof ancient Tang Dynasty dialect. Their Yin level tonal value is 33 (value of somedialects is 44) and their pronunciation feature is starting point 3 and endingpoint 3. Their Yang level tonal value is 55 and their pronunciation feature is startingpoint 5 and ending point 5. The level tones are flat. Thus it can be seen thatin the ancient Tang Dynasty, the Yin level tonal value was 33 and the Yanglevel tonal value was 55, which is beyond doubt.

      What about theobliquetones of these son-dialect andgrandson-dialects? Some of their tonal tones are descending tones, such as 51, itspronunciation feature is starting point 5 and ending point 1; some areascending tones, such as 35, its pronunciation feature is starting point 3 and endingpoint 5; some are descending and ascending tones, such as 212, its pronunciationfeature is starting point 2 to 1 and then ascending to 2. the oblique tones isnot smooth. After tracing back to the source, it is not wrong that the oblique tonesof ancient Tang Dynasty should have the same features.

      What about therutones of these son-dialect andgrandson-dialects? Their tonal values are generally 2. And 5., with a startingpoint and no ending point. The pronunciation is narrow. In the same way, it isnot wrong that therutones of the dialect of ancient Tang Dynasty should have the samefeatures. The dictionaries of rhymes usually lists therutones as theobliquetones.

2、Modern level and oblique tones

      In ancient Tang Dynasty, therewere eight kinds of tones: Yin Ping, Yang Ping, Yin Shang, Yang Shang, Yin Qu,Yang Qu, Yin Ru and Yang Ru. Modern Putonghua has four tones: Yin Ping, YangPing, Shangsheng and Qusheng.

      On the surface, in modernPutonghua, Yin Ping and Yang Ping are level tones and Shangsheng and Qushengare obliquetones. Notreally. In modern Putonghua, 55 tonal value of Yin Ping, which is the real leveltone. And Yang Ping tone? Yang Ping tonal value is 35. It is clear that theYang Ping tone is an obliquetones rather than a level tone. Yang Ping tone is a level tone,but ceases to exist except in name.

3、Conclusion

      To sum up, the ancient leveland oblique tones are the true tones, which are worthy of their names. Today's leveland oblique tones are not the true level tones. Their names are still inexistence, which are cease to exist except in name.

      After reading this internetarticle, dear literati and poets, what do you think? Will your theory of level andoblique tones be touched and modified?

北京時(shí)間1/7/2020寫

Beijing Time 1/7/2020 wrote

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無悔的心志

清愁染月千秋瘦
微醉賞蘭一夜香
俯地仰天心坦蕩
赴湯蹈火志昂揚(yáng)


My Regretless Heart And Ambition

Clear worry dyed the moon, a thousand years of thinness
Slightly drunk to enjoy orchids, fragrances all the evening
Prone to the ground and looking up to the sky, my heart is broad and level
Going through fire and water, my ambition is high-spirited

1/8/2020格律體新詩 ● 七絕羅志海著譯
Metric New Poetry ● Seven Words of Quatrain by Luo Zhihai
第9288首對(duì)聯(lián)體詩
The 9,288th Two Pairs of Couplets

https://www.poemhunter.com/poem/withering-and-prosperity/

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悠閑生活

一竿閑釣聽流水
再度低吟數(shù)落花
滿苑蘭香驚細(xì)雨
空山鳥語醉朝霞


Leisurely Life

A fishing rod leisurely to fish and listen to the flowing water
Again low to chant and count the fallen flowers
The orchid fragrances scared the drizzle full of the garden
The birdsongs intoxicated the morning clouds in the empty mountain

1/14/2020格律體新詩 ● 七絕羅志海著譯
Metric New Poetry ● Seven Words of Quatrain by Luo Zhihai
第9310首對(duì)聯(lián)體詩
The 9,310th Two Pairs of Couplets

https://www.poemhunter.com/poem/blink-33/#content

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美與丑

黃花閨女結(jié)金發(fā)
黑路強(qiáng)人劫色財(cái)
蕉雨敲窗春夢(mèng)醒
煦風(fēng)拂柳凍河開


Beauty And Ugliness

A yellow flower girl in gold hair
Robbers in dark road rob money and sex
The banana rain knocks the windows, the spring dream wakes up
The warm breeze blows the willows, the frozen river melts

1/20/2020格律體新詩 ● 七絕羅志海著譯
Metric New Poetry ● Seven Words of Quatrain by Luo Zhihai
第9332首對(duì)聯(lián)體詩
The 9,332th Two Pairs of Couplets

后記:
對(duì)聯(lián)體詩遵循《對(duì)聯(lián)體詩律則（草稿）》
http://www.chinapoesy.com/gongxi ... 8-70659d9c3f8c.html寫作，每一句字?jǐn)?shù)由三言至二十一言不等，共四句（絕句），是一種格律體新詩。目前國內(nèi)有幾十位詩人參與創(chuàng)作。

https://www.poemhunter.com/poem/dispute-4/#content

新葉

歸途

野渡霜飛棲旅雁
清溪日落盼歸人
離愁幾許芭蕉雨
別恨三分丹桂心


Returning Way

At the wild ferry, frost flying and perching the travelling geese
A man hoping to return, sunset in the clear stream
In the banana rain, a few sorrows of parting
In the orange osmanthus’ heart, several hates of parting

1/25/2020大年初一
格律體新詩 ● 七絕羅志海著譯
In First Day of the Lunar Year
Metric New Poetry ● Seven Words of Quatrain by Luo Zhihai
第9357首對(duì)聯(lián)體詩
The 9,357th Two Pairs of Couplets

后記:
對(duì)聯(lián)體詩遵循《對(duì)聯(lián)體詩律則（草稿）》
http://www.chinapoesy.com/gongxi ... 8-70659d9c3f8c.html寫作，每一句字?jǐn)?shù)由三言至二十一言不等，共四句（絕句），是一種格律體新詩。目前國內(nèi)有幾十位詩人參與創(chuàng)作。
https://www.poemhunter.com/poem/blue-and-green-in-strait/#content

arun

瓦是阿楓

品味

　　云淡風(fēng)清聲朗朗
　　山長水遠(yuǎn)影蒙蒙
　　輕咽慢嚼文中味
　　深寫細(xì)描筆底情


　　Tasting

　　The clouds are light, the wind is clear and the voice loudly
　　The mountains are high, the water are far away and the shadows are misty
　　Light swallowing and slow chewing the flavors in the article
　　Deep writing and detailed describing emotions under the pencil

　　5/15/2020格律體新詩 ● 七絕羅志海著譯
　　Metric New Poetry ● Seven Words of Quatrain by Luo Zhihai
　　第10094首對(duì)聯(lián)體詩 The 10,094th Two Pairs of Couplets
　　https://www.poemhunter.com/poem/a-shuttle-of-new-rain/#content
　　http://www.chinapoesy.com/gongxiang29374a2d-4d00-4979-ad9e-c8dd7b732ad0.html

瓦是阿楓

情意

滿腔離恨伴霜舞
半夜相思聽雨眠
詠柳隨心情不盡
迎風(fēng)遂意月無邊


Love And Desire

Full of the parting grief accompanies frost dancing
Lovesickness at the midnight, I listen to rain and fall asleep
Chanting willows as I wish, the love is endless
Fulfilling my desire to wind, the moon is boundless

5/16/2020格律體新詩 ● 七絕羅志海著譯
Metric New Poetry ● Seven Words of Quatrain by Luo Zhihai
第10097首對(duì)聯(lián)體詩 The 10,097th Two Pairs of Couplets
https://www.poemhunter.com/poem/viewed-and-admired/#content
http://www.chinapoesy.com/gongxiang29374a2d-4d00-4979-ad9e-c8dd7b732ad0.html

瓦是阿楓

信念

長空雁字伴風(fēng)冷
小苑菊香催月眠
堅(jiān)信詩田能種玉
遙知云路可通天


Belief

In the long sky, the wild goose words accompany the wind being cold
In the small garden, the chrysanthemum fragrance urges the moon to sleep
I believe that the poetry field can plant jades firmly
I know the cloud road can connect the sky distantly

5/16/2020格律體新詩 ● 七絕羅志海著譯
Metric New Poetry ● Seven Words of Quatrain by Luo Zhihai
第10099首對(duì)聯(lián)體詩 The 10,099th Two Pairs of Couplets
https://www.poemhunter.com/poem/using-a-walking-stick/#content
http://www.chinapoesy.com/gongxiang29374a2d-4d00-4979-ad9e-c8dd7b732ad0.html

瓦是阿楓

詩畫

明哲保身，為人妙處留余地
幽思成夢(mèng)，涉世深時(shí)少妄言
一張畫布，描水繡山能養(yǎng)性
半畝詩田，耕云種月好頤年


Poetry And Painting

A meditation becomes a dream
when I am deeply involved in the world
I don't speak falsely
Being wise for personal survival
it’s leaving adequate leeway
a wonderful place to conduct myself

A canvas depicting water and embroidering mountains
and can nourish my nature
Half an mu of poetry field
ploughing clouds and planting the moon
I can take care of myself

5/17/2020格律體新詩 ● 十一絕羅志海著譯
Metric New Poetry ● Eleven Words of Quatrain by Luo Zhihai
第10102首對(duì)聯(lián)體詩 The 10,102th Two Pairs of Couplets
https://www.poemhunter.com/poem/an-open-space-in-woodland/#content
http://www.chinapoesy.com/gongxiang29374a2d-4d00-4979-ad9e-c8dd7b732ad0.html

瓦是阿楓

禪

二泉映月
八駿攆風(fēng)
天道紅日
古佛青燈


Zen

Eight horses chase after wind
The Moon Over a Fountain
The sky way and the red sun
The ancient Buddha and the green lantern

5/17/2020格律體新詩 ● 四絕羅志海著譯
Metric New Poetry ● Four Words of Quatrain by Luo Zhihai
第10101首對(duì)聯(lián)體詩 The 10,101th Two Pairs of Couplets
https://www.poemhunter.com/poem/a-letter-of-missing/#content
http://www.chinapoesy.com/gongxiang29374a2d-4d00-4979-ad9e-c8dd7b732ad0.html

瓦是阿楓

情意

深淺云山滿月夜尤靜
高低霧海無風(fēng)水自清
眉心處隱隱相思意醉
手指間殷殷繾綣情生


Lovesickness

The night is especially quiet
the full moon in the deep and shallow cloud mountain
Water is clear by itself
high and low fog sea no wind

In the middle of the eyebrows
the faint lovesickness is drunk
Between the fingers
intimate affection emerging

5/18/2020格律體新詩 ● 九絕羅志海著譯
Metric New Poetry ● Nine Words of Quatrain by Luo Zhihai
第10107首對(duì)聯(lián)體詩 The 10,107th Two Pairs of Couplets
https://www.poemhunter.com/poem/beyond-the-noisy-world/
http://www.chinapoesy.com/gongxiang29374a2d-4d00-4979-ad9e-c8dd7b732ad0.html

瓦是阿楓

鄉(xiāng)居

揮毫潑墨書春意
作對(duì)吟詩贊摯情
日落湖山牛笛脆
人歸茅舍柳花明


Country Living

Composing couplets and chanting poems
to praise sincere feelings
Wielding the wolf-hair brush and pour out the ink
to write the spring mind

The sun falls behind the lake hill
the ox flute is melodious
People return their thatched cottages
willows and flowers are bright

5/18/2020格律體新詩 ● 七絕羅志海著譯
Metric New Poetry ● Seven Words of Quatrain by Luo Zhihai
第10108首對(duì)聯(lián)體詩 The 10,108th Two Pairs of Couplets
https://www.poemhunter.com/poem/borrowed-the-east-breeze/#content
http://www.chinapoesy.com/gongxiang29374a2d-4d00-4979-ad9e-c8dd7b732ad0.html

瓦是阿楓

騷人墨客

風(fēng)物眼中疑似夢(mèng)
年華指際恰如歌
今朝墨客精華少
歷代騷人絕唱多


The Poets And The Calligraphers

The time between fingers is just like a song
As a dream in the eyes of wind and things
Essences of the calligraphers are less today
The best works of the poets were more in the past dynasties

5/18/2020格律體新詩 ● 七絕羅志海著譯
Metric New Poetry ● Seven Words of Quatrain by Luo Zhihai
第10109首對(duì)聯(lián)體詩 The 10,109th Two Pairs of Couplets
https://www.poemhunter.com/poem/coastal-levee/
http://www.chinapoesy.com/gongxiang29374a2d-4d00-4979-ad9e-c8dd7b732ad0.html

瓦是阿楓

相對(duì)

黑河流白水
老樹綻新芽
癡醉三江月
盛開四季花


Opposite

The old trees are budding
The Black River flows the white water
Flowers of the four seasons in full bloom
I am infatuated with the moon of the Three Rivers

5/19/2020格律體新詩 ● 五絕羅志海著譯
Metric New Poetry ● Five Words of Quatrain by Luo Zhihai
第10115首對(duì)聯(lián)體詩 The 10,115th Two Pairs of Couplets
https://www.poemhunter.com/poem/the-autumn-music/#content
http://www.chinapoesy.com/gongxiang29374a2d-4d00-4979-ad9e-c8dd7b732ad0.ht

瓦是阿楓

春夏秋冬

笑賦秋風(fēng)吹柳岸
閑聆夏雨滴窗臺(tái)
春江飄雪無人渡
冬嶺綻梅盼友來


Spring, Summer, Autumn And Winter

Smiling to write the autumn wind blowing to the bank of the willows
Leisure to listen to the summer rain dropping on the windows
In the spring river, floating snow and no one ferries
In the winter ridge, the plums bloom and I hope my friends coming

5/19/2020格律體新詩 ● 七絕羅志海著譯
Metric New Poetry ● Seven Words of Quatrain by Luo Zhihai
第10116首對(duì)聯(lián)體詩 The 10,116th Two Pairs of Couplets
https://www.poemhunter.com/poem/the-autumn-ridge/
http://www.chinapoesy.com/gongxiang29374a2d-4d00-4979-ad9e-c8dd7b732ad0.html

瓦是阿楓

鴻志蝶姿

白雲(yún)難掩飛鴻志
花蕊常留彩蝶姿
一夜春風(fēng)吹竹徑
半彎新月醉荷池


Ambition Of Goose And Postures Of Butterflies

On the flower stamens, often stay the postures of the colorful butterflies
The white clouds hard to cover the ambition of the flying goose
One night of the spring breeze blows to the bamboo path
Half a new moon gets drunk in the lotus pool

5/19/2020格律體新詩 ● 七絕羅志海著譯
Metric New Poetry ● Seven Words of Quatrain by Luo Zhihai
第10114首對(duì)聯(lián)體詩 The 10,114th Two Pairs of Couplets
https://www.poemhunter.com/poem/sunglows/#content
http://www.chinapoesy.com/gongxiang29374a2d-4d00-4979-ad9e-c8dd7b732ad0.html

瓦是阿楓

勇氣

想法古怪離奇，長久還能年少
靈魂靜極而定，瞬間便是永恒
敢和日月叫板，稱量人心世道
誠與春宵邀約，懸掛雨帳云屏

注：第一三句破破長空作，第二四句羅志海作。


Courage

The idea is strange and bizarre
and it can be young for a long time
The soul is determined by stillness
and the moment is eternity

Dare to challenge the sun and the moon
to weigh people’s hearts and the way of the world
Sincere invitation with spring night
hanging rain curtain and cloud screen


Note: first and third sentences by Popochangkong.
Second and fourth sentences by Luo Zhihai.